ADAS audio automotive availability estimation business cloud computer vision consumer electronics context-aware deep learning digital TV functional safety gaming HMI human detection ieeexplore image processing infotainment internet of things keynote lighting control market research networks RSSI smart homes software framework user experience user interface user monitoring zigbee
14 entries (M: 46.5)
2013 |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Todorović, Branislav; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan Device-free indoor human presence detection method based on the information entropy of RSSI variations Journal ArticleM22 Electronics Letters, 49 (22), pp. 1386 - 1388, 2013, ISSN: 0013-5194. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes @article{letters1, title = {Device-free indoor human presence detection method based on the information entropy of RSSI variations}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Branislav Todorović and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj}, doi = {10.1049/el.2013.1041}, issn = {0013-5194}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-11-07}, urldate = {2019-01-23}, journal = {Electronics Letters}, volume = {49}, number = {22}, pages = {1386 - 1388}, abstract = {At microwave frequencies, absorption by molecular resonance is a major factor affecting radio propagation. Irregularities in the radio propagation pattern, expressed in a form of the received signal strength indicator's (RSSI) variations, can indicate the possible presence of a human within the radio network. The proposed human presence detection method is based on the information entropy calculated over a set of principal components extracted from a sequence of RSSI samples incrementally, without estimating the covariance matrix. By applying the entropy algorithm, the information on human presence is quantified from the sequence of principal components. It is shown that throughthe- wall human activities, which introduce disturbances in the RSSI footprint of the monitoring room, do not affect the detection accuracy of the method. Experimental results obtained for the 2.4 GHz indoor radio network assess the feasibility of the proposed approach.}, howpublished = {M22}, keywords = {human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } At microwave frequencies, absorption by molecular resonance is a major factor affecting radio propagation. Irregularities in the radio propagation pattern, expressed in a form of the received signal strength indicator's (RSSI) variations, can indicate the possible presence of a human within the radio network. The proposed human presence detection method is based on the information entropy calculated over a set of principal components extracted from a sequence of RSSI samples incrementally, without estimating the covariance matrix. By applying the entropy algorithm, the information on human presence is quantified from the sequence of principal components. It is shown that throughthe- wall human activities, which introduce disturbances in the RSSI footprint of the monitoring room, do not affect the detection accuracy of the method. Experimental results obtained for the 2.4 GHz indoor radio network assess the feasibility of the proposed approach. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Todorović, Branislav; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan Reaching the next level of indoor human presence detection: An RF based solution ConferenceM33 Telecommunication in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS), 2013 11th International Conference on, IEEE, Nis, Serbia, 2013, ISBN: 978-1-4799-0899-8. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2013b, title = {Reaching the next level of indoor human presence detection: An RF based solution}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Branislav Todorović and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj }, doi = {10.1109/TELSKS.2013.6704936}, isbn = {978-1-4799-0899-8}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-10-16}, booktitle = {Telecommunication in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services (TELSIKS), 2013 11th International Conference on}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Nis, Serbia}, abstract = {The presence of a human in the vicinity of radio transceivers results in radio signal strength variations at the receiver's input. Therefore, human presence in an indoor environment can be recognized by analyzing and quantifying irregularities in the radio signature. In order to quantify the information in terms of human presence, we present a novel human presence detection method based on information entropy extracted from a sequence of received signal strength samples. As opposed to existing smart home solutions that incorporate a complex set of sensors for human detection, the proposed method is solely based on radio irregularity phenomenon, without modifying the original environment. An additional level of sensor intelligence is introduced without sensors and installation costs, or specific training procedures for end-consumers.}, howpublished = {M33}, keywords = {human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } The presence of a human in the vicinity of radio transceivers results in radio signal strength variations at the receiver's input. Therefore, human presence in an indoor environment can be recognized by analyzing and quantifying irregularities in the radio signature. In order to quantify the information in terms of human presence, we present a novel human presence detection method based on information entropy extracted from a sequence of received signal strength samples. As opposed to existing smart home solutions that incorporate a complex set of sensors for human detection, the proposed method is solely based on radio irregularity phenomenon, without modifying the original environment. An additional level of sensor intelligence is introduced without sensors and installation costs, or specific training procedures for end-consumers. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Kukolj, Dragan; Samardzija, Dragan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Todorović, Branislav A method for human presence detection and zonal human subject localization in wireless sensor networks based on distributed processing of Shannon entropy in the signal strength space PatentM92 P-2013/0027, 2013. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: networks, RSSI, user monitoring @patent{Mrazovac2013b, title = {A method for human presence detection and zonal human subject localization in wireless sensor networks based on distributed processing of Shannon entropy in the signal strength space }, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Dragan Kukolj and Dragan Samardzija and Milan Z. Bjelica and Branislav Todorović}, url = {https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D&date=20140630&DB=&locale=en_EP&CC=RS&NR=20130027A1&KC=A1&ND=4}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-28}, number = {P-2013/0027}, abstract = {The presented invention significantly improves the existing ambient intelligence solutions through the synthesis of radio-communication protocols and advanced statistical techniques for the radio signals processing, in order to detect human presence without the use of conventional sensor solutions. The method exploits the fact that the human body interferes with radio signals by introducing irregularities in the radio signature which indicate possible human presence, given in a form of received signal strength indicator's (RSSI) variations. According to this phenomenon, a human presence can be detected within a specific area, or in a particular zone, by providing the information to the system for unobtrusive interaction with the human subject in real-time. The idea is to apply the presented method for human presence detection to the network of novel, commercially available wireless LED bulbs, which are comprised of an embedded IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver module for wireless communication with other wireless devices. The proposed algorithm for human presence detection is implemented as a software module that can be easily incorporated into a variety of wireless systems (including the aforementioned smart LED bulbs, or any other wireless nodes) without high processing and memory loads of the system's resources. By incorporating the presented method, the original functionality of the wireless devices is extended with the possibility of device-free presence detection, which can be used for various ambient intelligence applications with very low installation costs. By applying the statistical techniques for signal processing, such as Shannon's information Entropy, combined with the incremental algorithm for extracting the principal components of the matrix of radio links (Candid Covariance-free Incremental Principal Component Analysis - CCIPCA), the implemented method can be integrated into any network of wireless devices, including the devices with low-power processing resources.}, howpublished = {M92}, keywords = {networks, RSSI, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {patent} } The presented invention significantly improves the existing ambient intelligence solutions through the synthesis of radio-communication protocols and advanced statistical techniques for the radio signals processing, in order to detect human presence without the use of conventional sensor solutions. The method exploits the fact that the human body interferes with radio signals by introducing irregularities in the radio signature which indicate possible human presence, given in a form of received signal strength indicator's (RSSI) variations. According to this phenomenon, a human presence can be detected within a specific area, or in a particular zone, by providing the information to the system for unobtrusive interaction with the human subject in real-time. The idea is to apply the presented method for human presence detection to the network of novel, commercially available wireless LED bulbs, which are comprised of an embedded IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver module for wireless communication with other wireless devices. The proposed algorithm for human presence detection is implemented as a software module that can be easily incorporated into a variety of wireless systems (including the aforementioned smart LED bulbs, or any other wireless nodes) without high processing and memory loads of the system's resources. By incorporating the presented method, the original functionality of the wireless devices is extended with the possibility of device-free presence detection, which can be used for various ambient intelligence applications with very low installation costs. By applying the statistical techniques for signal processing, such as Shannon's information Entropy, combined with the incremental algorithm for extracting the principal components of the matrix of radio links (Candid Covariance-free Incremental Principal Component Analysis - CCIPCA), the implemented method can be integrated into any network of wireless devices, including the devices with low-power processing resources. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Todorović, Branislav; Vukosavljev, Saša System Design for Passive Human Detection using Principal Components of the Signal Strength Space Journal ArticleM23 Computer Science and Information Systems, 10 (1), pp. 423-452, 2013, ISSN: 1820-0214. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: human detection, RSSI, smart homes @article{comsis1, title = {System Design for Passive Human Detection using Principal Components of the Signal Strength Space}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Branislav Todorović and Saša Vukosavljev}, doi = {10.2298/CSIS120531010M}, issn = {1820-0214}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Computer Science and Information Systems}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {423-452}, abstract = {In this article, device-free human presence detection method based on principal components analysis of the radio signal strength variations is proposed. The method increases user awareness for automated power management interaction in residential power saving systems. Motivation comes from a need for decreasing the installation complexity and development costs induced by the integration of specific human presence detection sensors. The method exploits the fact that a human body interferes with radio signals by introducing irregularities in the radio signature which indicate possible human presence. By analyzing radio signals between radio transceivers embedded in 2.4 GHz wireless power outlets, the original environment is not visually modified and a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors. The analysis of the signal strength variations in principal components space enhances the detection accuracy level of human presence detection method, retaining low installation costs and improving overall energy conservation.}, howpublished = {M23}, keywords = {human detection, RSSI, smart homes}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this article, device-free human presence detection method based on principal components analysis of the radio signal strength variations is proposed. The method increases user awareness for automated power management interaction in residential power saving systems. Motivation comes from a need for decreasing the installation complexity and development costs induced by the integration of specific human presence detection sensors. The method exploits the fact that a human body interferes with radio signals by introducing irregularities in the radio signature which indicate possible human presence. By analyzing radio signals between radio transceivers embedded in 2.4 GHz wireless power outlets, the original environment is not visually modified and a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors. The analysis of the signal strength variations in principal components space enhances the detection accuracy level of human presence detection method, retaining low installation costs and improving overall energy conservation. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Atanasievski, Marko; Babić, Đurđa; Crvenković, Nikola; Dotlić, Igor; Jelovac, Vladimir; Jovanović, Saša; Korać, Bogdan; Kuzmanović, Majda [Serbian] Sistem i metoda za detekciju prisustva ljudi u objektu korišćenjem radio signala bežičnih električnih instalacija Technical ReportTR32041M85 RT-RK Institute for Computer-Based Systems Narodnog Fronta 23a, 2013, (TR32041). BibTeX | Tags: RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @techreport{Mrazovac2013b, title = {[Serbian] Sistem i metoda za detekciju prisustva ljudi u objektu korišćenjem radio signala bežičnih električnih instalacija}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Marko Atanasievski and Đurđa Babić and Nikola Crvenković and Igor Dotlić and Vladimir Jelovac and Saša Jovanović and Bogdan Korać and Majda Kuzmanović}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, address = {Narodnog Fronta 23a}, institution = {RT-RK Institute for Computer-Based Systems}, howpublished = {M85}, note = {TR32041}, keywords = {RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {techreport} } |
2012 |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Todorović, Branislav; Samardžija, Dragan A Human Detection Method for Residential Smart Energy Systems Based on Zigbee RSSI Changes Journal ArticleM22 IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 58 (3), pp. 819-824, 2012, ISSN: 0098-3063. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring, zigbee @article{tcem1, title = {A Human Detection Method for Residential Smart Energy Systems Based on Zigbee RSSI Changes}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Branislav Todorović and Dragan Samardžija}, doi = {10.1109/TCE.2012.6311323}, issn = {0098-3063}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-09-27}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics}, volume = {58}, number = {3}, pages = {819-824}, abstract = {In this article, the device-free human presence detection method based on radio signal strength variations is proposed. The method exploits the known fact that human body interferes with radio signals by causing fading and shadowing effects. Introduced irregularities in the radio propagation pattern indicate possible presence of a human. The proposed method is incorporated into the existing platform for intelligent residential energy management. As opposed to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for human detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by analyzing and quantifying radio signal strength variations incorporated in messages exchanged between 2.4 GHz radio transceivers. One of the key benefits of the proposed solution is the integration of the detection algorithm into the smart power outlets and smart light switches. Such an approach improves interactions in smart home systems, enables intelligent power consumption management and low installation cost.}, howpublished = {M22}, keywords = {human detection, ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring, zigbee}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this article, the device-free human presence detection method based on radio signal strength variations is proposed. The method exploits the known fact that human body interferes with radio signals by causing fading and shadowing effects. Introduced irregularities in the radio propagation pattern indicate possible presence of a human. The proposed method is incorporated into the existing platform for intelligent residential energy management. As opposed to conventional solutions which utilize a complex set of sensors for human detection, the proposed approach achieves the same only by analyzing and quantifying radio signal strength variations incorporated in messages exchanged between 2.4 GHz radio transceivers. One of the key benefits of the proposed solution is the integration of the detection algorithm into the smart power outlets and smart light switches. Such an approach improves interactions in smart home systems, enables intelligent power consumption management and low installation cost. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Nenadic, Dusan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Todorovic, Branislav M Passive Wireless Surveillance Method Based on Shannon Entropy of the Signal Strength Space ConferenceM63 Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), 2012 20th, IEEE, Belgrade, Serbia, pp. 819-822, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-2983-5. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2012, title = {Passive Wireless Surveillance Method Based on Shannon Entropy of the Signal Strength Space}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Dusan Nenadic and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Branislav M. Todorovic}, doi = {10.1109/TELFOR.2012.6419333}, isbn = {978-1-4673-2983-5}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), 2012 20th}, pages = {819-822}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Belgrade, Serbia}, abstract = {Efficient wireless networks have significantly motivated the use of radio signals for intrusion detection and surveillance. While moving through an area covered with 2.4GHz radio network, a human body interferes with radio signals, resulting in strong variations of the signal strength. In this paper, we propose the method which recognizes human presence by analyzing principal components from the matrix of samples that present signal strength variations. Mainly based on smart power outlets and communication signals, the original environment is not visually modified, but a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors and installation costs. Principal component analysis combined with Shannon entropy enhances the detection accuracy and improves the overall robustness of the method.}, howpublished = {M63}, keywords = {ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } Efficient wireless networks have significantly motivated the use of radio signals for intrusion detection and surveillance. While moving through an area covered with 2.4GHz radio network, a human body interferes with radio signals, resulting in strong variations of the signal strength. In this paper, we propose the method which recognizes human presence by analyzing principal components from the matrix of samples that present signal strength variations. Mainly based on smart power outlets and communication signals, the original environment is not visually modified, but a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors and installation costs. Principal component analysis combined with Shannon entropy enhances the detection accuracy and improves the overall robustness of the method. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Vukosavljev, Sasa; Todorovic, Branislav M; Samardzija, Dragan System and Method for Passive Surveillance in Indoor Environments Based on Principal Components of the Signal Strength Variation ConferenceM33 Wireless Communications in Unusual and Confined Areas (ICWCUCA), 2012 International Conference on, IEEE, Clermont Ferrand, France, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-1290-5. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2012, title = {System and Method for Passive Surveillance in Indoor Environments Based on Principal Components of the Signal Strength Variation}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Sasa Vukosavljev and Branislav M. Todorovic and Dragan Samardzija}, doi = {10.1109/ICWCUCA.2012.6402489}, isbn = {978-1-4673-1290-5}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {Wireless Communications in Unusual and Confined Areas (ICWCUCA), 2012 International Conference on}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Clermont Ferrand, France}, abstract = {Efficient wireless sensor nodes have significantly motivated the usage of wireless sensor networks for intrusion detection and surveillance. A passive wireless surveillance network has the ability to detect humans by analyzing only the variations of the signal strength with respect to distance and alignment between nodes. When a human passes through an area covered by radio network, his/her body interferes with radio signals resulting in signal strength variations due to absorption, reflection and diffraction. In this paper, we analyze the signal strength variation induced by human presence, as a reliable method for passive surveillance. The proposed method analyzes principal components from a covariance matrix composed of samples that present signal strength variations gathered from wireless nodes. By using smart wireless outlets and inter-outlets communication signals, the original environment is not visually modified, but a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors. Principal component analysis enhances the detection accuracy level and improves the overall robustness of the surveillance method. Compared to conventional sensor networks, the use of smart wireless outlets and signal strength analysis preserves the transparency of the surveillance system and supports high level of sensorial intelligence, retaining low installation costs.}, howpublished = {M33}, keywords = {ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } Efficient wireless sensor nodes have significantly motivated the usage of wireless sensor networks for intrusion detection and surveillance. A passive wireless surveillance network has the ability to detect humans by analyzing only the variations of the signal strength with respect to distance and alignment between nodes. When a human passes through an area covered by radio network, his/her body interferes with radio signals resulting in signal strength variations due to absorption, reflection and diffraction. In this paper, we analyze the signal strength variation induced by human presence, as a reliable method for passive surveillance. The proposed method analyzes principal components from a covariance matrix composed of samples that present signal strength variations gathered from wireless nodes. By using smart wireless outlets and inter-outlets communication signals, the original environment is not visually modified, but a certain level of sensorial intelligence is introduced without additional sensors. Principal component analysis enhances the detection accuracy level and improves the overall robustness of the surveillance method. Compared to conventional sensor networks, the use of smart wireless outlets and signal strength analysis preserves the transparency of the surveillance system and supports high level of sensorial intelligence, retaining low installation costs. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Todorovic, Branislav M; Miljkovic, Aleksandar; Samardzija, Dragan Using radio irregularity for increasing residential energy awareness Journal ArticleM52 TELFOR Journal, 4 (1), pp. 31-36, 2012, ISSN: 1821-3251. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @article{Mrazovac2012, title = {Using radio irregularity for increasing residential energy awareness}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Branislav M. Todorovic and Aleksandar Miljkovic and Dragan Samardzija}, url = {http://scindeks.ceon.rs/article.aspx?artid=1821-32511201031M}, issn = {1821-3251}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, journal = {TELFOR Journal}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {31-36}, abstract = {Radio irregularity phenomenon is often considered as a shortcoming of wireless networks. In this paper, the method of using radio irregularity as an efficient human presence detection sensor in smart homes is presented. The method is mainly based on monitoring variations of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) within the messages used for the communication between wireless smart power outlets. The radio signals used for the inter-outlets communication can be absorbed, diffracted or reflected by objects in their propagation paths. When a human enters the existing radio communication field, the variation of the signal strength at the receiver is even more expressed. Based on the detected changes and compared to the initial thresholds set during the initialization phase, the system detects human presence. The proposed solution increases user awareness and automates the power control in households, with the primary goal to contribute in residential energy savings. Compared to conventional sensor networks, this approach preserves the sensorial intelligence, simplicity and low installation costs, without the need for additional sensors integration.}, howpublished = {M52}, keywords = {RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Radio irregularity phenomenon is often considered as a shortcoming of wireless networks. In this paper, the method of using radio irregularity as an efficient human presence detection sensor in smart homes is presented. The method is mainly based on monitoring variations of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) within the messages used for the communication between wireless smart power outlets. The radio signals used for the inter-outlets communication can be absorbed, diffracted or reflected by objects in their propagation paths. When a human enters the existing radio communication field, the variation of the signal strength at the receiver is even more expressed. Based on the detected changes and compared to the initial thresholds set during the initialization phase, the system detects human presence. The proposed solution increases user awareness and automates the power control in households, with the primary goal to contribute in residential energy savings. Compared to conventional sensor networks, this approach preserves the sensorial intelligence, simplicity and low installation costs, without the need for additional sensors integration. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Vukosavljev, Sasa; Todorovic, Branislav M System Design for Passive Human Detection using Principal Components of the Signal Strength Space ConferenceM33 Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS), 2012 IEEE 19th International Conference and Workshops on, IEEE, Novi Sad, Serbia, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-4673-0912-7. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2012, title = {System Design for Passive Human Detection using Principal Components of the Signal Strength Space}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Sasa Vukosavljev and Branislav M. Todorovic}, doi = {10.1109/ECBS.2012.39}, isbn = {978-1-4673-0912-7}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS), 2012 IEEE 19th International Conference and Workshops on}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Novi Sad, Serbia}, abstract = {Radio irregularity phenomenon is often considered as a shortcoming of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the radio irregularity is regarded as a benefit of wireless networks. The proposed novel method for human presence detection, applied to the monitoring system for residential energy management, utilizes radio irregularity for an efficient human presence detection which increases user awareness and automates the power control. The method monitors 2.4GHz wireless (Zigbee) smart outlets and the communication signals between them to detect changes of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and its variations compared to the expected mean values. The signal strength variation is significantly increased due to human presence within the signal propagation path. By applying the algorithm for principal components analysis to the set of RSSI samples obtained from radio communication links within the detection area, it is possible to recognize a human presence. There is no need for additional presence sensors installation, because the proposed method applied to the smart outlets network is quite satisfactory to extend the entire system with the detection capability. Compared to the conventional sensor networks, the presented solution preserves the pervasiveness of smart energy and smart home systems, high level of sensorial intelligence, simplicity and low installation costs.}, howpublished = {M33}, keywords = {ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } Radio irregularity phenomenon is often considered as a shortcoming of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the radio irregularity is regarded as a benefit of wireless networks. The proposed novel method for human presence detection, applied to the monitoring system for residential energy management, utilizes radio irregularity for an efficient human presence detection which increases user awareness and automates the power control. The method monitors 2.4GHz wireless (Zigbee) smart outlets and the communication signals between them to detect changes of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and its variations compared to the expected mean values. The signal strength variation is significantly increased due to human presence within the signal propagation path. By applying the algorithm for principal components analysis to the set of RSSI samples obtained from radio communication links within the detection area, it is possible to recognize a human presence. There is no need for additional presence sensors installation, because the proposed method applied to the smart outlets network is quite satisfactory to extend the entire system with the detection capability. Compared to the conventional sensor networks, the presented solution preserves the pervasiveness of smart energy and smart home systems, high level of sensorial intelligence, simplicity and low installation costs. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Todorovic, Branislav M; Vukosavljev, Sasa Human Presence Detection Using Radio Irregularity in Wireless Networks ConferenceM33 SENSORNETS 2012, pp. 920-923, 2012. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: networks, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2012, title = {Human Presence Detection Using Radio Irregularity in Wireless Networks}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Branislav M. Todorovic and Sasa Vukosavljev}, url = {http://dblp.org/db/conf/sensornets/sensornets2012}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {SENSORNETS 2012}, pages = {920-923}, abstract = {The paper presents a human detection method applied to the intelligent device-level software platform for residential energy management. The proposed solution increases user awareness and automates the power control, with the primary goal to contribute in energy savings. Instead of using conventional presence sensors as inputs for automated power management, the proposed solution utilizes a network of wireless power outlets and monitors the variations of the signal strength indicator used for the communication between them. The radio signals used for the inter-outlets communication can be scattered, absorbed or reflected by objects in their propagation paths, such as a human body which additionally increases the variation of the signal strength indicator at the receiver. This phenomenon is known as radio irregularity, and is often considered as a shortcoming of radio networks. In this paper the idea of using radio irregularity as efficient presence detection is proposed. With regard to conventional sensors, this solution preserves the pervasiveness of smart energy and smart home systems, high level of sensorial intelligence and low installation costs.}, howpublished = {M33}, keywords = {networks, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } The paper presents a human detection method applied to the intelligent device-level software platform for residential energy management. The proposed solution increases user awareness and automates the power control, with the primary goal to contribute in energy savings. Instead of using conventional presence sensors as inputs for automated power management, the proposed solution utilizes a network of wireless power outlets and monitors the variations of the signal strength indicator used for the communication between them. The radio signals used for the inter-outlets communication can be scattered, absorbed or reflected by objects in their propagation paths, such as a human body which additionally increases the variation of the signal strength indicator at the receiver. This phenomenon is known as radio irregularity, and is often considered as a shortcoming of radio networks. In this paper the idea of using radio irregularity as efficient presence detection is proposed. With regard to conventional sensors, this solution preserves the pervasiveness of smart energy and smart home systems, high level of sensorial intelligence and low installation costs. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Kukolj, Dragan; Todorovic, Branislav M; Teslic, Nikola A Human Detection Method for Residential Smart Energy Systems Based on Zigbee RSSI Changes ConferenceM33 Consumer Electronics (ICCE), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, USA, pp. 112-113, 2012, ISSN: 2158-3994. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2012, title = {A Human Detection Method for Residential Smart Energy Systems Based on Zigbee RSSI Changes}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Dragan Kukolj and Branislav M. Todorovic and Nikola Teslic}, doi = {10.1109/ICCE.2012.6161764}, issn = {2158-3994}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {Consumer Electronics (ICCE), 2012 IEEE International Conference on}, pages = {112-113}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Las Vegas, NV, USA}, abstract = {The paper presents a novel method for human detection that is applied to the automatic control of home appliances’ power consumption. The method uses a wireless smart outlets network and changes of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between stationary communication nodes (2.4 GHz smart outlets). The main idea is to monitor the changes of RSSI which violate the established radio communication field between nodes inside a room, due to a human’s presence. When a person enters into the established radio communication field, he/she induces the change of RSSI which is periodically read during the message exchange between wireless nodes. Based on the detected changes with regard to the initial thresholds, the system detects human presence and responds with the automatic control of power consumption of all appliances connected to the power network. Such an approach increases users’ awareness by contributing to the energy savings and low installation costs.}, howpublished = {M33}, keywords = {ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } The paper presents a novel method for human detection that is applied to the automatic control of home appliances’ power consumption. The method uses a wireless smart outlets network and changes of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between stationary communication nodes (2.4 GHz smart outlets). The main idea is to monitor the changes of RSSI which violate the established radio communication field between nodes inside a room, due to a human’s presence. When a person enters into the established radio communication field, he/she induces the change of RSSI which is periodically read during the message exchange between wireless nodes. Based on the detected changes with regard to the initial thresholds, the system detects human presence and responds with the automatic control of power consumption of all appliances connected to the power network. Such an approach increases users’ awareness by contributing to the energy savings and low installation costs. |
2011 |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Bjelica, Milan Z; Papp, Istvan; Stefanović, Dejan Method and system for wireless detecting presence of individuals automation of domestic electrical installations PatentM92 P-2011/0288, 2011. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: RSSI, smart homes @patent{Mrazovac2011, title = {Method and system for wireless detecting presence of individuals automation of domestic electrical installations}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Milan Z. Bjelica and Istvan Papp and Dejan Stefanović}, url = {https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D&date=20120229&DB=&locale=en_EP&CC=RS&NR=20110288A2&KC=A2&ND=4}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-07-01}, number = {P-2011/0288}, abstract = {Invention herewith described refers to the improvement of the existing solutions in the field of implementation and automation of management of the smart electrical installations. The invention includes the system and method for detecting the presence of the user applied to the automatic control of lighting and other domestic installations using an existing wireless communication network and the changes of the signal strength indicator value (in English: Received Signal Strength Indicator - RSSI) between the stationary communication nodes. The presented method involves monitoring the change in value of the RSSI by disruption of the initial value of the established communication field between the nodes within the premises due to the entry/exit of an individual in the room. The entry of an individual into the established field of communication causes the change of RSSI that is periodically read after any exchange of messages between the nodes. Based on detected changes, a control signal is generated which will be transmitted to the central control unit that converts the signal into a command for room lighting control or other domestic electrical appliances. Implementation of the system includes at least two nodes, which are at the domestic installation level implemented in the form of the smart socket and the smart switch for lighting and the central control unit as a device for managing exchange of messages and commands. These basic units of the system communicate with each other, follow the change of RSSI between the nodes and based on the crossing preset thresholds of signal strength variation, perform the control of room lighting. In addition to the lighting control, the system manages any electrical device connected to the smart sockets by their switching on or off if it is the required and predefined operation.}, howpublished = {M92}, keywords = {RSSI, smart homes}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {patent} } Invention herewith described refers to the improvement of the existing solutions in the field of implementation and automation of management of the smart electrical installations. The invention includes the system and method for detecting the presence of the user applied to the automatic control of lighting and other domestic installations using an existing wireless communication network and the changes of the signal strength indicator value (in English: Received Signal Strength Indicator - RSSI) between the stationary communication nodes. The presented method involves monitoring the change in value of the RSSI by disruption of the initial value of the established communication field between the nodes within the premises due to the entry/exit of an individual in the room. The entry of an individual into the established field of communication causes the change of RSSI that is periodically read after any exchange of messages between the nodes. Based on detected changes, a control signal is generated which will be transmitted to the central control unit that converts the signal into a command for room lighting control or other domestic electrical appliances. Implementation of the system includes at least two nodes, which are at the domestic installation level implemented in the form of the smart socket and the smart switch for lighting and the central control unit as a device for managing exchange of messages and commands. These basic units of the system communicate with each other, follow the change of RSSI between the nodes and based on the crossing preset thresholds of signal strength variation, perform the control of room lighting. In addition to the lighting control, the system manages any electrical device connected to the smart sockets by their switching on or off if it is the required and predefined operation. |
Mrazovac, Bojan; Todorovic, Branislav M; Bjelica, Milan Z; Miljkovic, Aleksandar; Samardzija, Dragan Using Radio Irregularity for Increasing Residential Energy Awareness ConferenceM63 Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), 2011 19th, IEEE, Belgrade, Serbia, pp. 385-388, 2011, ISBN: 978-1-4577-1499-3. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring @conference{Mrazovac2011, title = {Using Radio Irregularity for Increasing Residential Energy Awareness}, author = {Bojan Mrazovac and Branislav M. Todorovic and Milan Z. Bjelica and Aleksandar Miljkovic and Dragan Samardzija}, doi = {10.1109/TELFOR.2011.6143569}, isbn = {978-1-4577-1499-3}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, booktitle = {Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), 2011 19th}, pages = {385-388}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Belgrade, Serbia}, abstract = {Radio irregularity phenomenon is often noted as a shortcoming of wireless networks. In this paper we present the method of using radio irregularity as an efficient presence sensor which increases user awareness in smart homes. The idea is based on monitoring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between stationary wireless (2.4 GHz - Zigbee) power outlets. When a human enters into the established radio communication field, the signal can be absorbed, scattered or reflected by the body which induces strong variations of RSSI. Based on the detected changes compared to the initial values, the system detects presence and responds with the automatic control of any appliance connected to outlets. With regard to conventional sensors, the proposed solution preserves the sensorial intelligence and low installation costs without additional devices.}, howpublished = {M63}, keywords = {ieeexplore, RSSI, smart homes, user monitoring}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } Radio irregularity phenomenon is often noted as a shortcoming of wireless networks. In this paper we present the method of using radio irregularity as an efficient presence sensor which increases user awareness in smart homes. The idea is based on monitoring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between stationary wireless (2.4 GHz - Zigbee) power outlets. When a human enters into the established radio communication field, the signal can be absorbed, scattered or reflected by the body which induces strong variations of RSSI. Based on the detected changes compared to the initial values, the system detects presence and responds with the automatic control of any appliance connected to outlets. With regard to conventional sensors, the proposed solution preserves the sensorial intelligence and low installation costs without additional devices. |